Types of Cranes Used in Construction
There are
Different Types of Cranes used in Construction Projects. Crane is a Machine
Capable of Lifting, Lowering & Moving of Heavy Materials with the Use of
Pulleys & Cables.
Cranes are valuable assets for the construction
industry because they made things easy for any type of construction. These are
helpful for construction of high-rise buildings as well as in areas
inaccessible.
Types
of Cranes Used in Construction
1.
Vehicle Mounted Crane
2.
Tower Crane
3.
Rough Terrain Crane
4.
Crawler Crane
5.
All Terrain Crane
6.
Railroad Crane
7.
Telescopic Handler Crane
8.
Harbour Cranes
9.
Floating Crane
10. Aerial Crane
11. Telescopic Crane
12. Level Luffing Cranes
1.
Vehicle Mounted Crane
Cranes are required only during the
construction as temporary structures. So, these are mounted to vehicles for
easy movement. Mostly cranes are truck mounted except some heavy cranes. The
wheels of vehicle mounted cranes are made with rubber. These wheeled vehicles
can move faster than trucked but are not accessible to uneven areas. Outriggers
are provided to the base of vehicle to provide stability to the crane while
working.
2.
Tower Crane
Tower cranes are widely used for construction
of tall buildings as they can work up to 265 feet as well as lower to 230 feet.
These have lifting capacity approximately equal to 20 tons and are fixed to the
ground during construction period. These cranes are fixed using strong concrete
base and anchored by large bolts which can be removed easily after
construction.
3.
Rough Terrain Crane
Rough terrain crane is special type of vehicle
mounted crane. This crane is used for off-road construction work or
rough terrain places where a normal vehicle mounted crane is not suitable. Specially
designed rubber tires are used for this crane and outriggers are provided at
the base of the vehicle to provide stability while working.
4.
Crawler Crane
This is a movable crane but the movement of
vehicle is done by tracks due to which they do not require outriggers for
stability. Their lifting capacity is very high (40 tons to 3500 tons). Because
of tracked system it can move to any site even in soft soils. It is capable of
traveling with load and is used for heavy load transport in the construction
site.
5.
All Terrain Crane
It is also mobile crane which can move at same
speed in the paved road as well as in rough terrains. It has more number of
wheels than normal vehicle and they balance the vehicle without overturning in
rough terrains. So we can use this crane instead of both truck mounted crane
and rough terrain crane for dual purpose.
6.
Railroad Crane
Railroad cranes are used for construction of
railway line, repairing and maintaining of railroad. These have flanged wheels
at its bottom which can be moved in rail track only.
7.
Telescopic Handler Crane
Telescopic
cranes are used to handle pallet of bricks, to install steel trusses at the top
etc. and has forklift type part at the end of boom. They also have outriggers
at its base. The crane part is rotatable to 360o.
8.
Harbour Cranes
Harbour cranes are provided in port areas for
loading and unloading of ships.
9.
Floating Crane
Floating cranes are required for bridge
construction, port construction. They are also used to load and unload the
ships. They have capacity up to 9000 tons. So these are also useful to lift
sunk ships from water.
10.
Aerial Crane
These are also called as sky cranes. It looks
like helicopter and are used when the target is difficult to reach by land.
Cables are used to lift the material.
11.
Telescopic Crane
Telescopic crane has a large boom in which
number of tubes are fitted one inside the other. These tubes extend outwards by
hydraulic mechanism. It is used to build signal towers, rescue operations,
lifting boats from water etc.
12.
Level Luffing Cranes
Level luffing crane has a hinged jib which
move up and down enabling the crane arm to move inwards and outwards. It is
used in shipyards to place containers or to unload ships.
Types of Cranes Used in Construction
Reviewed by Akshay Thakur
on
November 29, 2019
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